Patrick Cox

Patrick Cox

Patrick Cox runs The World's language desk. He reports and edits stories about the globalization of English, the bilingual brain, translation technology and more. He also hosts The World's podcast on language, The World in Words.

Does Banning Bilingual Education Change Anything?

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Nine years after bilingual education was banned in Massachusetts, educators are still arguing over the effect on students’ language abilities. Massachusetts is among of several states, including California and Arizona, to ban bilingual education. The fear seems to be that non-English speaking kids won’t learn English fast enough if they receive much of their instruction in their native tongue (which in the US is usually Spanish). The solution has been “total immersion” in English.

There’s no shortage of studies related to bilingual education. Here are the cases for and against . Also, the National Association for Bilingual Education, and some other links.

Reporter Andrea Smardon of WGBH-Boston has been looking at why the ban came into being, and its effects– whether non-English speakers are now picking English faster, or whether they’re dropping out of school. There’s more on her series here.

Also in the pod, more conversation with UK-based American, Lynne Murphy. Murphy teaches linguistics at the University of Sussex. She also writes the clever and droll blog, Separated by a Common Language. In the last podcast, we talked about twangy accents, pronunciation of the world water, and the declining status of British English in the United States. This time, we consider politeness, and why neither Yanks nor Brits live up to each others’ expectations. One word encapsulates this: toilet. Misuse this word at your peril. But there are others: excuse me and sorry have subtle differences in usage, which if you don’t get them right, may result in the locals thinking you arrogant.

Murphy has an entertaining theory about British people and the word sorry. If you’ve spent any time in the UK, you’ll know that the word comes up all the time, especially in official announcements (“We are sorry to announce that the 9:16 train to Chingford is delayed due to a staff shortage.”). But when Brits bump into people– which they do a lot on their crowded island– they don’t always apologize. Murphy suspects this is because they are in denial about having made any physical contact.

We round off the pod with some girl pop from the 1960s, en español.

Back then, Francisco Franco was still running Spain with an iron fist, and his government resisted anything that smacked of youthful rebellion. But there were mini skirts (not quite so mini in Spain). And there were carefree female singers.

Spain’s best known singer was Marisel.

Marisel is one of many artists featured in a new CD called Chicas: Spanish Female Singers 1962 to 1974.

Most of the tunes on the CD were released as original singles, composed by Spanish song writers.

They had been influenced by British rock, American soul and dance crazes like the twist. The lyrics are Spanish, but the musical language is very much imported.

Discussion

2 comments for “Does Banning Bilingual Education Change Anything?”

  • Juewell Green

    My name is Juewell Green. I am a
    nursing student attending Northern Virginia Community College
    in Virginia.  In my Intercultural Communications 229 class
    taught by Professor Tirpak, we were asked to listen to one of “The World in
    Words” pod cast, by Patrick Cox.  The
    first pod cast that I listened to is titled, “Does Banning Bilingual Education
    Change Anything?”  I chose to listen to
    this pod cast because I was not familiar with the fact that some states have
    indeed banned the teaching of bilingual education.  This became an interest, as I in fact had
    bilingual education in both middle and High school.  What changed? 
    When did it change?  What are the
    results, if any, is what I asked myself. 
    This is what I learned.

    To begin there were three segments
    totaling about 27 minutes for this pod cast. 
    I listened as Cox interviewed American linguist Lynne Murphy over
    British vs. American English.  Murphy teaches
    linguistics at the University of Sussex in Britain. It’s understandable that
    American and British language although understood in English is different.  I did not know however that simple words to
    me such as toilet meant anything other than something that you use. In Britain toilet is described as a room, whereas
    here in America,
    well a toilet is a “thing,” as Cox stated. 
    Murphy said she quickly had to quickly adjust to the Britain way of
    speaking, as they would mock you.  Punctuation
    also varies between the two countries.  Americans
    use more commas and quotations. Please and Thank you are two words that are used
    a lot in Britain.
    You would say “excuse me” before you pass a person in England.  Whereas here in America you would say “excuse me”
    after you have bumped into a person.  Britons
    view Americans as being “rude,” according to Murphy as a result because they
    take offense as to how these words are being used or not being used. England has
    much more crowded rooms and they don’t say sorry.  We both share “a healthy skepticism of rules”
    though, as Cox stated.  We know that if
    someone tells us that a certain word should be used, it’s most likely not the
    truth.  “What’s perceived as foreign
    isn’t necessarily foreign,” Murphy says. 
    I agree.

    The pod cast continues with banning
    bilingual education.  Not only is it
    banned in Massachusetts but also in several
    other states including California.  It seems as though non English speaking
    students were not learning the American language well enough or at all.  “There’s little attempt to teach English,”
    stated Rosalie Porter, teacher and director of English as a Second Language
    (ESL) programs.  Porter who taught
    Spanish felt that students were being “segregated” from the students who spoke
    English.  Porter looked into ways of
    helping these students, and thought of the idea of schools teaching in all
    English using very minimal language in the child’s native language also called
    Dual Immersion.  After receiving help
    from business man Ron Unz and support from the public, the law to band the
    teaching of bilingual education was banned in 2002 and dual immersion style was
    permitted.  

    Now that I have learned of the
    reasoning behind Porter’s decision to strive for a better way to teach a second
    language, I support.  There were studies
    shown in California
    that 50% of the students taught via Dual Immersion learned fluent English in
    less than 3 years.  I wish this could be
    applied to every language.  I feel I
    would have learned Spanish much better if it were “forced” upon us to learn it.  For example, a student mentioned in the pod
    cast, Gabriel Maldonado said that the English immersion worked for him.  He stated that he understood no English when
    he moved to Somerville, MA
    from El Salvador.  Within a year, Maldonado was in general
    education English speaking courses. 
    While learning, Maldonado had one class of language help per day, while
    the rest of his classes were taught in English. 
    Maldonado graduated high school on the National Honor Society.  Some critics say that the dual immersion
    program does not work completely, however there have not been any studies done
    to prove so.  Test scores have improved
    and the governor of the state of MA states there will be no studies completed.

    The pod cast concludes with the
    comparisons of girl’s pop from the 1960s. 
    From American “soul”, to British “rock”, to Spain, music was influenced all
    around the world.  Although women were
    frowned upon for making such music, they did not give up.  Women around the world made great music.  It’s amazing how small changes affect our
    lives.  While we live in various
    countries with different sets of rules, we still take bits and pieces of what
    we learn from other cultures and create something knew. 

    Cultures will always be
    different.  If we can earn how to
    connect, whether it’s watching how others interrelate with one another in their
    culture to learn their language, forcing ourselves to only speak their language
    while speaking a little of ours, or coming together in a musical sense, we will
    become better with our interactions with one another.

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